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Year 2 in England

1st grade addition and subtraction

27 1st grade addition and subtraction skills, each with a worked example, free practice that checks every answer, and a printable worksheet. Start with a mixed review, or jump to the skill you need.

Mixed review

Ten questions drawn from every skill below.

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Add within 20

CCSS 1.OA.C.6CCSS 1.OA.A.1England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Example

Kai has 9 cookies. A friend gives Kai 4 more. How many cookies does Kai have now?

  1. 9 + 4 = 13

Answer: 13

Builds on: Add within 10, Make 10 (number bonds), Teen numbers: ten and some ones

Leads to: Subtract within 20, Missing numbers and the equal sign, Add and subtract tens, Word problems within 20

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Subtract within 20

CCSS 1.OA.C.6CCSS 1.OA.A.1England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Example

Amara has 19 stars. Jamal has 4. How many more stars does Amara have than Jamal?

  1. 19 − 4 = 15

Answer: 15

Builds on: Subtract within 10, Add within 20

Leads to: Missing numbers and the equal sign, Word problems within 20, Subtract two-digit numbers with regrouping, Subtract by going back through ten

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Missing numbers and the equal sign

CCSS 1.OA.D.7CCSS 1.OA.D.8England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

2 + 4 = 5 + __

  1. 2 + 4 = 6
  2. 5 + 1 = 6

Answer: 1

Builds on: Add within 20, Subtract within 20

Leads to: Is the number sentence true or false?, Find the missing number in additions and subtractions to 100

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Add and subtract tens

CCSS 1.NBT.C.4CCSS 1.NBT.C.5CCSS 1.NBT.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

70 − 70 = ?

  1. 7 − 7 = 0
  2. So 0 tens = 0.

Answer: 0

Builds on: Tens and ones, Add within 20

Leads to: Add two-digit numbers with regrouping, Add tens to a two-digit number, Subtract multiples of ten, Add and subtract whole hundreds

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Word problems within 20

CCSS 1.OA.A.1CCSS 1.OA.A.2England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Example

Elena had some books. After getting 5 more, Elena has 11. How many books did Elena have at first?

  1. 11 − 5 = 6

Answer: 6

Builds on: Add within 20, Subtract within 20

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Add by counting on from the bigger number

CCSS 1.OA.C.5CCSS 1.OA.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Example

5 + 1 = ?

  1. 6
  2. 5 + 1 = 6

Answer: 6

Builds on: Add within 10, Count forward from any number (to 30)

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Subtract by counting back

CCSS 1.OA.C.5CCSS 1.OA.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Example

12 − 1 = ?

  1. 11
  2. 12 − 1 = 11

Answer: 11

Builds on: Subtract within 10, Count back from 10 and from 20

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Doubles facts to 10 + 10

CCSS 1.OA.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

Grace builds two towers with 10 blocks each. How many blocks altogether?

  1. 10 + 10 = 20
  2. 20

Answer: 20

Builds on: Add within 10

Leads to: Use a double to add near doubles

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Use a double to add near doubles

CCSS 1.OA.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

5 + 5 = 10. So what is 5 + 6?

  1. 5 + 6 = 5 + 5 + 1
  2. 10 + 1 = 11

Answer: 11

Builds on: Doubles facts to 10 + 10

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Add by making a ten first

CCSS 1.OA.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

9 + 7: first make 10. 9 + 1 = 10. How many are left from the 7?

  1. 7 = 1 + 6
  2. 6

Answer: 6

Builds on: Make 10 (number bonds), Add within 10

Leads to: Add a one-digit number to a two-digit number (making a new ten)

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Subtract by going back through ten

CCSS 1.OA.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

11 − 8: first take away 1 to get to 10. How much more must you take away?

  1. 8 = 1 + 7
  2. 7

Answer: 7

Builds on: Subtract within 20, Make 10 (number bonds)

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Turnaround facts: order does not change a sum

CCSS 1.OA.B.3England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Example

6 + 2 = 8. So 2 + 6 = ?

  1. Changing the order does not change the sum.
  2. 2 + 6 = 8

Answer: 8

Builds on: Add within 10

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Add three small numbers

CCSS 1.OA.A.2CCSS 1.OA.B.3England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

3 + 5 + 4 = ?

  1. 3 + 5 = 8
  2. 8 + 4 = 12

Answer: 12

Builds on: Add within 20

Leads to: Story problems with three numbers

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Subtract by thinking of an addition

CCSS 1.OA.B.4England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

7 + 7 = 14. Use this to find 14 − 7.

  1. 14 − 7 = 7

Answer: 7

Builds on: Add within 20, Subtract within 20

Leads to: Fact families within 20, Story problems: find the missing change, Find a difference by counting up

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Fact families within 20

CCSS 1.OA.B.4CCSS 1.OA.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

4 + 3 = 7 is in a fact family. Complete another fact: 3 + 4 = __

  1. 3 + 4 = 7

Answer: 7

Builds on: Subtract by thinking of an addition

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Is the number sentence true or false?

CCSS 1.OA.D.7England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

True or false? 3 + 3 = 6

  1. 3 + 3 = 6
  2. True.

Answer: True

Builds on: Missing numbers and the equal sign

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Number bonds to 20

CCSS 1.OA.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Example

16 + __ = 20

  1. 16 + 4 = 20
  2. 4

Answer: 4

Builds on: Make 10 (number bonds), Read two ten frames: 11 to 20

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Story problems: adding on and putting together (to 20)

CCSS 1.OA.A.1England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Example

Noah has 9 strawberries. Maya gives Noah 3 more. How many strawberries does Noah have now?

  1. 9 + 3 = 12
  2. 12

Answer: 12

Builds on: Add within 20, Story problems: joining groups (to 10)

Leads to: Story problems: find the missing change

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Story problems: taking away and taking apart (to 20)

CCSS 1.OA.A.1England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Example

Leo had 13 blocks. Leo gave 2 to Mateo. How many blocks does Leo have left?

  1. 13 − 2 = 11
  2. 11

Answer: 11

Builds on: Subtract within 20, Story problems: taking away (to 10)

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Story problems: how many more, how many fewer (to 20)

CCSS 1.OA.A.1England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Example

Ava has 15 crayons. Maya has 11 crayons. How many more crayons does Ava have than Maya?

  1. 15 − 11 = 4
  2. 4

Answer: 4

Builds on: Subtract within 20, More, fewer or the same: compare two groups

Leads to: Story problems to 100: comparing amounts

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Story problems: find the missing change

CCSS 1.OA.A.1CCSS 1.OA.D.8England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

Zoe had 8 flowers. Arjun gave Zoe some more. Now Zoe has 13. How many flowers did Arjun give?

  1. 8 + 5 = 13
  2. 5

Answer: 5

Builds on: Story problems: adding on and putting together (to 20), Subtract by thinking of an addition

Leads to: Story problems: work out the starting amount

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Story problems with three numbers

CCSS 1.OA.A.2England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

Aisha packs a picnic with 7 plums, 4 apples and 3 bananas. How many pieces of fruit is that?

  1. 7 + 4 + 3 = 14
  2. 14

Answer: 14

Builds on: Add three small numbers

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Add a one-digit number to a two-digit number (no new ten)

CCSS 1.NBT.C.4England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

Use the fact 1 + 7 = 8 to work out 71 + 7.

  1. 70 + 8 = 78
  2. 78

Answer: 78

Builds on: Tens and ones, Add within 10

Leads to: Add a one-digit number to a two-digit number (making a new ten), Add two-digit numbers without regrouping

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Add a one-digit number to a two-digit number (making a new ten)

CCSS 1.NBT.C.4England: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

Sofia says 57 + 7 = 54. What is the right answer?

  1. 7 + 7 = 14
  2. 50 + 14 = 64

Answer: 64

Builds on: Add a one-digit number to a two-digit number (no new ten), Add by making a ten first

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Add tens to a two-digit number

CCSS 1.NBT.C.4England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

19 + __ = 79

  1. 79 − 19 = 60
  2. 60

Answer: 60

Builds on: Add and subtract tens, Find 10 more and 10 less

Leads to: Add two-digit numbers without regrouping, Find a difference by counting up, Add and subtract with jumps on an open number line

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Subtract multiples of ten

CCSS 1.NBT.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtractionEngland: Y2 Addition and subtraction

Example

Jamal had 40 cents and spent 10 cents. How many cents are left?

  1. 40 − 10 = 30
  2. 30

Answer: 30

Builds on: Add and subtract tens

Leads to: Subtract two-digit numbers without regrouping

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Add and subtract on a number line to 20

CCSS 1.OA.C.5CCSS 1.OA.C.6England: Y1 Addition and subtraction

Builds on: Add by jumping along a number line (to 10), Subtract by jumping back on a number line (to 10)

Leads to: Add and subtract with jumps on an open number line

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1st grade Addition and subtraction: Practice and Worksheets