4th grade earth and rocks

Question 1

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

• A. Weathering moves rocks to the sea
• B. Erosion only happens in deserts
• C. They are exactly the same
• D. Weathering breaks rock down; erosion carries the pieces away

Question 2

Which process is this: a river dropping mud at its mouth to make a delta?

• A. weathering (rock breaks down in place)
• B. erosion (pieces are carried away)
• C. deposition (pieces are dropped)

Question 3

On a map, 1 cm stands for 10 km. Two mountain peaks are 9 cm apart on the map. How far apart are they in real life?

Answer km

Question 4

True or false? Scientists monitor active volcanoes for warning signs.

• A. True
• B. False

Question 5

How did the Himalaya mountains form?

• A. Two plates pushed into each other and crumpled the land upwards.
• B. Rivers piled up sand.
• C. A giant volcano erupted once.
• D. Glaciers built them.

Question 6

How did this feature form: Iceland's rift valley?

• A. formed where plates push together
• B. formed where plates pull apart

Question 7

Three of these are examples of erosion. Which one is NOT?

• A. wind blowing soil off a dry field
• B. a glacier scraping rocks along
• C. tree roots growing into a rock
• D. waves dragging pebbles off a beach

Question 8

A hiker is facing south and makes a half turn. Which direction is she facing now?

• A. west
• B. south
• C. north
• D. east

Question 9

True or false? Earth's outer layer is made of large plates that slowly move.

• A. True
• B. False

Question 10

A river has cut a canyon and you can see many layers in the walls. What do the layers show?

• A. the river's colour
• B. a record of how the area changed over a very long time
• C. paint added by people
• D. one year of weather

Question 11

Which type of weathering is this: iron in rock rusting?

• A. physical weathering
• B. chemical weathering
• C. biological weathering

Question 12

What does the key (legend) on a map tell you?

• A. the time of day
• B. who drew the map
• C. the weather
• D. what each symbol and colour means

Question 13

Which solution best reduces harm from volcanic eruptions?

• A. retaining walls, drainage and planting on slopes
• B. ocean sensors, warning sirens and signposted routes to high ground
• C. monitoring gas and ground movement, and evacuation plans
• D. buildings with flexible frames and shock-absorbing bases

Question 14

A river is fast in the mountains and slow near the sea. Where will it drop most of its mud?

• A. in the clouds
• B. it never drops mud
• C. in the mountains, where it is fast
• D. near the sea, where it slows down