11th grade cells, genetics and evolution
11th grade (Year 12 in England) · 14 questions · Common Core: NGSS.HS-LS1-7, NGSS.HS-LS3-2, NGSS.HS-LS3-1, NGSS.HS-LS4-6 · England: A level Biology: Respiration (extension), GCSE Biology: Inheritance, variation and evolution (mutations), GCSE Combined Science: Inheritance, variation and evolution
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Date
Score/ 14
Question 1
A protein contains 100 amino acids. What is the minimum number of mRNA bases needed to code for it (ignore the stop codon)?
Answer
Question 2
The coding part of an mRNA molecule is 453 bases long, including one stop codon at the end. How many amino acids are in the protein?
Answer
Question 3
Mutations: which statement is NOT true?
- A. Mutations provide the variation that natural selection acts on.
- B. A mutation is a change in the DNA base sequence.
- C. Mutations in skin cells are passed on to children.
- D. Mutations happen randomly and continuously.
Question 4
About how many ATP molecules can aerobic respiration make from one glucose, compared with anaerobic?
- A. 2, compared with about 30
- B. about 30, compared with 2
- C. about 1000, compared with 100
- D. the same amount
Question 5
Most mutations…
- A. are always helpful
- B. have little or no effect on the phenotype
- C. are caused only by radiation
- D. are always harmful
Question 6
Evaluate this claim: “Insect-resistant GM crops mean farmers never need to manage pests again.” Which response is best supported by evidence?
- A. Pests disappear forever after one season.
- B. Insects cannot evolve.
- C. The crops kill every animal that touches them.
- D. They can reduce insecticide spraying, but insects can evolve resistance, so careful management is still needed.
Question 7
DNA has 4 different bases. How many different sequences are possible for a group of 3 bases?
Answer
Question 8
A problem with selective breeding is…
- A. it uses radioactive materials
- B. it is always too fast
- C. inbreeding, which reduces variation and can increase inherited disorders
- D. it creates new species every year
Question 9
Which stage of cellular respiration: happens in the mitochondrial matrix?
- A. glycolysis
- B. Krebs (citric acid) cycle
- C. electron transport chain
Question 10
Original DNA: ATG AAA CCT Mutated DNA: ATG AAA CT What type of mutation is this?
- A. substitution
- B. insertion
- C. deletion
Question 11
A protein contains 300 amino acids. What is the minimum number of mRNA bases needed to code for it (ignore the stop codon)?
Answer
Question 12
The coding part of an mRNA molecule is 63 bases long, including one stop codon at the end. How many amino acids are in the protein?
Answer
Question 13
Mutations: which statement is NOT true?
- A. A mutation is a change in the DNA base sequence.
- B. Mutations happen randomly and continuously.
- C. Ionising radiation can increase the rate of mutation.
- D. All mutations are harmful.
Question 14
A poison blocks the electron transport chain. Why is it so dangerous?
- A. It makes extra oxygen
- B. Glycolysis speeds up and makes too much ATP
- C. It only affects plants
- D. Most ATP production stops, so cells quickly run out of energy
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