Evaluating experiments (research summaries)
10th grade (Year 11 in England) · 16 questions · Common Core: NGSS.SEP 3, NGSS.SEP 6 · England: KS4 Working scientifically
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Question 1
Experiment 1: A student dropped the same ball from heights of 0.5 m, 1.0 m and 1.5 m onto a wooden floor and measured the bounce height. Experiment 2: The student dropped the same ball from 1.0 m onto wood, carpet and concrete. In Experiment 2, which variable was changed on purpose?
- A. the drop height
- B. the mass of the ball
- C. the floor surface
- D. the bounce height
Question 2
Experiment 1: A student dropped the same ball from heights of 0.5 m, 1.0 m and 1.5 m onto a wooden floor and measured the bounce height. Experiment 2: The student dropped the same ball from 1.0 m onto wood, carpet and concrete. Which variable was kept constant in Experiment 2 but changed in Experiment 1?
- A. the floor surface
- B. the bounce height
- C. the drop height
- D. the mass of the ball
Question 3
A study finds a result with only 3 samples. What is the best next step?
- A. Repeat with a larger sample
- B. Publish it as proof
- C. Use fewer samples
- D. Change the data
Question 4
Experiment 1: Magnesium ribbon was added to hydrochloric acid at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mol/dm³ at 25 °C, and the gas volume after 1 minute was measured. Experiment 2: The 1.0 mol/dm³ acid was used at 15 °C, 25 °C and 35 °C. In Experiment 2, which variable was changed on purpose?
- A. the temperature
- B. the volume of gas after 1 minute
- C. the acid concentration
- D. the colour of the magnesium
Question 5
Experiment 1: A pendulum with a 0.5 kg bob was timed for 10 swings with string lengths of 0.25 m, 0.50 m and 1.00 m. Experiment 2: A 1.00 m pendulum was timed with bobs of 0.1 kg, 0.5 kg and 1.0 kg. Which variable was kept constant in Experiment 2 but changed in Experiment 1?
- A. the mass of the bob
- B. the time for 10 swings
- C. the temperature of the room
- D. the string length
Question 6
In a drug trial, neither the patients nor the doctors know who gets the real drug. Why?
- A. To make the trial shorter
- B. To stop expectations from biasing the results
- C. To save money
- D. Because the drug is secret
Question 7
Experiment 1: Seeds were kept at 10 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C, all watered daily, and the number that germinated was counted. Experiment 2: Seeds were kept at 20 °C and given 0, 5 or 10 mL of water a day. In Experiment 2, which variable was changed on purpose?
- A. the temperature
- B. the colour of the pots
- C. the volume of water
- D. the number of seeds that germinated
Question 8
Experiment 1: Seeds were kept at 10 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C, all watered daily, and the number that germinated was counted. Experiment 2: Seeds were kept at 20 °C and given 0, 5 or 10 mL of water a day. Which variable was kept constant in Experiment 2 but changed in Experiment 1?
- A. the volume of water
- B. the colour of the pots
- C. the temperature
- D. the number of seeds that germinated
Question 9
In a drug trial, neither the patients nor the doctors know who gets the real drug. Why?
- A. To save money
- B. Because the drug is secret
- C. To stop expectations from biasing the results
- D. To make the trial shorter
Question 10
Experiment 1: Seeds were kept at 10 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C, all watered daily, and the number that germinated was counted. Experiment 2: Seeds were kept at 20 °C and given 0, 5 or 10 mL of water a day. In Experiment 2, which variable was changed on purpose?
- A. the temperature
- B. the volume of water
- C. the number of seeds that germinated
- D. the colour of the pots
Question 11
Experiment 1: Seeds were kept at 10 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C, all watered daily, and the number that germinated was counted. Experiment 2: Seeds were kept at 20 °C and given 0, 5 or 10 mL of water a day. Which variable was kept constant in Experiment 2 but changed in Experiment 1?
- A. the temperature
- B. the number of seeds that germinated
- C. the volume of water
- D. the colour of the pots
Question 12
Hypothesis: "Plants grow faster in blue light than in red light." Which experiment tests it best?
- A. One plant in blue light outdoors and one in red light indoors
- B. Identical plants under blue or red lamps of equal brightness, same water and temperature
- C. Different species under the same lamp
- D. Plants in blue light only
Question 13
Experiment 1: Seeds were kept at 10 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C, all watered daily, and the number that germinated was counted. Experiment 2: Seeds were kept at 20 °C and given 0, 5 or 10 mL of water a day. In Experiment 2, which variable was changed on purpose?
- A. the number of seeds that germinated
- B. the volume of water
- C. the temperature
- D. the colour of the pots
Question 14
Experiment 1: A student dropped the same ball from heights of 0.5 m, 1.0 m and 1.5 m onto a wooden floor and measured the bounce height. Experiment 2: The student dropped the same ball from 1.0 m onto wood, carpet and concrete. Which variable was kept constant in Experiment 2 but changed in Experiment 1?
- A. the bounce height
- B. the mass of the ball
- C. the drop height
- D. the floor surface
Question 15
A scientist tests a new fertiliser on 20 tomato plants. Another 20 plants get no fertiliser. What is the purpose of the second group?
- A. It is not needed.
- B. It makes the experiment faster.
- C. It increases the dependent variable.
- D. It is a control group to compare against.
Question 16
Experiment 1: A pendulum with a 0.5 kg bob was timed for 10 swings with string lengths of 0.25 m, 0.50 m and 1.00 m. Experiment 2: A 1.00 m pendulum was timed with bobs of 0.1 kg, 0.5 kg and 1.0 kg. In Experiment 2, which variable was changed on purpose?
- A. the time for 10 swings
- B. the temperature of the room
- C. the mass of the bob
- D. the string length
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