Science lesson plan · 4th grade (Year 5 in England) · 60 minutes
Day and night
Space
CCSS NGSS.5-ESS1-2CCSS NGSS.1-ESS1-1England: KS2 Y5 Earth and space
Objective and success criteria
Students will: Day and night.
- I can answer questions on today's skill on my own, without help.
- I can explain each step and say why it works.
- I can check my answer and spot a mistake.
Before and after
Needs first: The Sun, Moon and stars
Leads to: The Moon and its phases; Earth's orbit, years and seasons; Shadow length and direction through the day
Materials: Torch and ball for a Sun-Earth-Moon model, Space images, Mini whiteboards, A diagram or short video clip of the idea, Printed student sheet (below).
Warm-up · 6 min
- Quick retrieval from earlier learning (The Sun, Moon and stars). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
- Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.
- What is the Sun? (a planet / a moon / a star / a comet) → a starPrompt: It makes its own light, like the stars at night.
- Sun, Moon and stars: which statement is true? (The Sun goes round the Earth. / You can only see the Moon at night. / The Moon makes its own light. / Stars are still in the sky during the day.) → Stars are still in the sky during the day.Prompt: Which objects make their own light?
- Sun, Moon and stars: which statement is NOT true? (The Sun appears to move across the sky during the day. / The Sun is a star. / The Moon reflects light from the Sun. / You can only see the Moon at night.) → You can only see the Moon at night.Prompt: Does the Sun really move round us?
Hook · 6 min
- Ask why we see the Moon change shape over a month.
- Share the objective: Day and night. Read the success criteria together.
I do: model it · 12 min
- Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
- Example: When it is daytime in the UK, it is night-time in…
- Step 1: New Zealand is roughly on the opposite side of Earth, so it faces away from the Sun.
- Step 2: So the answer is: New Zealand
- Answer: New Zealand
- Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.
We do: guided practice · 12 min
- Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
- Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.
- Why does the Sun seem to move across the sky? (The Sun orbits the Earth each day / The wind pushes it / It is falling / The Earth is rotating) → The Earth is rotatingPrompt: Think about watching trees from a moving train.
- The Sun rises at 06:00 and sets at 17:45. How many hours of daylight are there? Give your answer in hours as a decimal (e.g. 12.5). → 11.75 hPrompt: Count the whole hours first, then the extra minutes.
You do: independent practice · 17 min
- Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
- Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.
The 8 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.
Exit ticket · 7 min
- Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.
- The Sun rises at 06:45 and sets at 19:30. How many hours of daylight are there? Give your answer in hours as a decimal (e.g. 12.5). → 12.75 hPrompt: Count the whole hours first, then the extra minutes.
- What causes day and night? (the Earth spinning on its axis / the Sun moving around the Earth / the Moon blocking the Sun / clouds covering the sky) → the Earth spinning on its axisPrompt: Half the Earth faces the Sun at any time.
Watch out for
- Everyday meanings of words getting in the way of the science meaning: define key words explicitly.
- Remembering facts without the reason: ask "why?" and "what is the evidence?"
Support and stretch
Support
- Review first: The Sun, Moon and stars.
- Use concrete materials: torch and ball for a sun-earth-moon model.
- Give the first step of each question, or a partly worked example to finish.
- Pair with a confident partner for the guided practice.
Stretch
- Move on to: The Moon and its phases; Earth's orbit, years and seasons; Shadow length and direction through the day.
- Explain a common mistake in writing and how to fix it.
- Write a word problem that uses today's skill, then solve a partner's.
Homework and more practice
Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/science/grade-4.
Free lesson plan from eurekami.com/lesson-plan-builder