Choosing the best topic sentence

Writing & Editing

CCSS W.6.2.ACCSS W.6.1.AEngland: KS3 Writing (paragraphing)England: GCSE English Language Paper 2 Q5

Objective and success criteria

Students will: Choosing the best topic sentence.

I can answer questions on today's skill on my own, without help.
I can explain each step and say why it works.
I can check my answer and spot a mistake.

Before and after

Needs first: Main idea and supporting details

Leads to: Choosing the detail that best supports a point

Materials: A model text, Planning frame, Checklists for editing, Mini whiteboards, A short model text on the board, Printed student sheet (below).

Warm-up · 6 min

Quick retrieval from earlier learning (Main idea and supporting details). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.

Sloths move very slowly. They hang upside down in trees for most of the day. They even sleep and eat upside down. Moving slowly helps them save energy. What is the main idea? (Trees are tall. / Sloths eat leaves. / Sloths sleep a lot. / Sloths live slow, upside-down lives in trees.) → Sloths live slow, upside-down lives in trees.Prompt: What is the WHOLE text mostly about, not just one part?
Spiders are not insects. Insects have six legs, but spiders have eight. Insects have three body parts, while spiders have two. Most insects have wings; spiders never do. What is the main idea? (Spiders are scary. / Spiders are different from insects in several ways. / Insects can fly. / Spiders have eight legs.) → Spiders are different from insects in several ways.Prompt: What is the WHOLE text mostly about, not just one part?
Long ago, people did not have fridges. They kept food cold in cellars, packed it in ice, or dried and salted meat so it would last. What is the main idea? (Fridges are expensive. / Salt makes food tasty. / Cellars are dark. / People once used other ways to keep food from spoiling.) → People once used other ways to keep food from spoiling.Prompt: What is the WHOLE text mostly about, not just one part?

Hook · 6 min

Show two openings to the same piece of writing and ask which makes them want to read on.
Share the objective: Choosing the best topic sentence. Read the success criteria together.

I do: model it · 12 min

Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
Example: ___ Walking or cycling saves money, keeps you fit and reduces traffic outside the school gates. Which topic sentence best opens this paragraph?
Step 1: A topic sentence states the main point of a paragraph, and every other sentence supports it.
Step 2: So the answer is: There are good reasons to walk or cycle to school.
Answer: There are good reasons to walk or cycle to school.
Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.

We do: guided practice · 12 min

Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.

___ Many apps use bright notifications, endless scrolling and rewards to keep users coming back. Which topic sentence best opens this paragraph? (Notifications can be turned off in settings. / Many apps are deliberately designed to hold our attention. / Phones have screens. / Scrolling is a word for moving down a page.) → Many apps are deliberately designed to hold our attention.Prompt: Read the supporting sentences first. What do they ALL have in common?
Topic sentence: "The school should open a games club at lunchtime." Which sentence does NOT belong in this paragraph? (Chess was probably invented in India. / Board games build problem-solving skills. / It would give quieter students somewhere to go. / Several teachers have already offered to help.) → Chess was probably invented in India.Prompt: Reread the topic sentence. What is the paragraph promising to discuss?

You do: independent practice · 17 min

Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.

The 8 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.

Exit ticket · 7 min

Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.

___ Many apps use bright notifications, endless scrolling and rewards to keep users coming back. Which topic sentence best opens this paragraph? (Phones have screens. / Many apps are deliberately designed to hold our attention. / Notifications can be turned off in settings. / Scrolling is a word for moving down a page.) → Many apps are deliberately designed to hold our attention.Prompt: Read the supporting sentences first. What do they ALL have in common?
Topic sentence: "Bees are vital to our food supply." Which sentence does NOT belong in this paragraph? (Without pollination, harvests of apples and almonds would fall sharply. / Farmers sometimes rent hives to help their crops. / Some people are frightened of wasps. / Bees pollinate many fruit and vegetable crops.) → Some people are frightened of wasps.Prompt: Reread the topic sentence. What is the paragraph promising to discuss?

Watch out for

Writing everything at once without planning.
Editing only spelling and not whether the writing makes sense.

Support and stretch

Support

Review first: Main idea and supporting details.
Use concrete materials: a model text.
Give the first step of each question, or a partly worked example to finish.
Pair with a confident partner for the guided practice.

Stretch

Move on to: Choosing the detail that best supports a point.
Explain a common mistake in writing and how to fix it.
Write a word problem that uses today's skill, then solve a partner's.

Homework and more practice

Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/english/grade-6.

Free lesson plan from eurekami.com/lesson-plan-builder

eurekami

Choosing the best topic sentence

Name

Date

Score/ 8

1
Question 1
Topic sentence: "Bees are vital to our food supply." Which sentence does NOT belong in this paragraph?
- A. Farmers sometimes rent hives to help their crops.
- B. Without pollination, harvests of apples and almonds would fall sharply.
- C. Some people are frightened of wasps.
- D. Bees pollinate many fruit and vegetable crops.
2
Question 2
___ Walking or cycling saves money, keeps you fit and reduces traffic outside the school gates. Which topic sentence best opens this paragraph?
- A. There are good reasons to walk or cycle to school.
- B. Some people live far away.
- C. Bicycles have two wheels.
- D. Traffic is sometimes heavy.

The Phone-Free Lunch Experiment

For one month, students at Brookfield School tried something unusual: no phones at lunch. Phones stayed in lockers from twelve until one, and the dining hall filled with board games, sketchbooks and a lot more noise. The idea came from the student council. In a survey, 61 per cent of students said they spent most of lunch looking at a screen, and many said they wanted a break but found it hard to stop on their own. At first, not everyone was happy. "I thought it was a punishment," admitted Jaden, 12. "But after a week I'd learned to play chess, and now I actually look forward to lunch." Teachers noticed changes too. Ms Ortega, who supervises the hall, said there were fewer arguments and more students sitting in mixed groups. However, some students said they missed messaging family members during the day. The council will now vote on whether to keep the rule. One suggestion is a compromise: phone-free Mondays to Thursdays, with Fridays left free.

3
Question 3
Read "The Phone-Free Lunch Experiment". Why does the writer include the sentence beginning 'However' in paragraph 4?
- A. to tell a joke
- B. to show a drawback of the rule, giving a balanced report
- C. to introduce a new topic
- D. to prove the rule was a total success

4
Question 4
Topic sentence: "Sleep is essential for learning." Which sentence does NOT belong in this paragraph?
- A. During sleep, the brain stores what we learned that day.
- B. Some beds are more expensive than others.
- C. Tired students find it harder to concentrate.
- D. Teenagers need around eight to ten hours a night.
5
Question 5
Topic sentence: "The school should open a games club at lunchtime." Which sentence does NOT belong in this paragraph?
- A. Several teachers have already offered to help.
- B. Board games build problem-solving skills.
- C. It would give quieter students somewhere to go.
- D. Chess was probably invented in India.
6
Question 6
___ Many apps use bright notifications, endless scrolling and rewards to keep users coming back. Which topic sentence best opens this paragraph?
- A. Phones have screens.
- B. Many apps are deliberately designed to hold our attention.
- C. Scrolling is a word for moving down a page.
- D. Notifications can be turned off in settings.
7
Question 7
Topic sentence: "Recycling at home is easier than many families think." Which sentence does NOT belong in this paragraph?
- A. A labelled box by the bin makes sorting quick.
- B. Plastic was first invented in the 1800s.
- C. Most councils collect sorted recycling every week.
- D. Rinsing containers takes only a few seconds.
8
Question 8
___ Octopuses can open jars, escape from tanks and even recognise individual people. Which topic sentence best opens this paragraph?
- A. Octopuses have eight arms.
- B. Octopuses are among the cleverest animals in the sea.
- C. The sea is very deep.
- D. Jars can be hard to open.

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Answer key: Choosing the best topic sentence

1. C. Some people are frightened of wasps.
2. A. There are good reasons to walk or cycle to school.
3. B. to show a drawback of the rule, giving a balanced report
4. B. Some beds are more expensive than others.
5. D. Chess was probably invented in India.
6. B. Many apps are deliberately designed to hold our attention.
7. B. Plastic was first invented in the 1800s.
8. B. Octopuses are among the cleverest animals in the sea.