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English lesson plan · 8th grade (Year 9 in England) · 45 minutes

Fixing dangling participle phrases

Grammar

CCSS L.7.1.CCCSS L.8.1.AEngland: KS3 English (grammar: clarity)England: SAT Standard English ConventionsEngland: ACT English

Objective and success criteria

Students will: Fixing dangling participle phrases.

  • I can answer questions on today's skill on my own, without help.
  • I can explain each step and say why it works.
  • I can check my answer and spot a mistake.

Before and after

Needs first: Misplaced and dangling modifiers; -ing words: gerund, participle or main verb?

Leads to: After an opening modifier, choose the right subject (SAT)

Materials: Sentence strips, Highlighters, Mini whiteboards, Mini whiteboards, A short model text on the board, Printed student sheet (below).

Warm-up · 5 min

  • Quick retrieval from earlier learning (Misplaced and dangling modifiers; -ing words: gerund, participle or main verb?). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
  • Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.
  1. Which sentence is written correctly, with the describing words next to what they describe? • The postman, barking loudly, was chased by the dog. • Barking loudly, the dog chased the postman. • Barking loudly, the postman was chased by the dog. • Barking loudly, the postman ran from the dog. (The postman, barking loudly, was chased by the dog. / Barking loudly, the dog chased the postman. / Barking loudly, the postman was chased by the dog. / Barking loudly, the postman ran from the dog.) → Barking loudly, the dog chased the postman.Prompt: Look at the opening phrase. Who or what is doing that action?
  2. What is the word in capitals doing in this sentence? The SWIMMING pool is closed. (gerund (works as a noun) / participle (works as an adjective) / part of the main verb (is/was …ing)) → participle (works as an adjective)Prompt: Is there a helping verb (is, was, were, are) right before it? Then it's part of the main verb.
  3. In which sentence is the word in capitals used like this: participle (works as an adjective)? (The girl READING in the corner is my cousin. / I can't stand his constant BARKING. / The children were LAUGHING at the clown.) → The girl READING in the corner is my cousin.Prompt: Is there a helping verb (is, was, were, are) right before it? Then it's part of the main verb.

Hook · 5 min

  • Show a sentence with the grammar point used wrongly and ask what sounds odd.
  • Share the objective: Fixing dangling participle phrases. Read the success criteria together.

I do: model it · 10 min

  • Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
  • Example: Is the opening phrase correctly attached, or is it a dangling modifier? Covered in mud, the dog was washed by its owner.
  • Step 1: An opening participle phrase describes the subject that comes right after it. If that subject can't do the action, the modifier dangles.
  • Step 2: The dog was covered in mud.
  • Step 3: So the answer is: correct
  • Answer: correct
  • Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.

We do: guided practice · 10 min

  • Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
  • Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.
  1. Is the opening phrase correctly attached, or is it a dangling modifier? Covered in mud, the dog's owner washed him. (correct / dangling modifier) → dangling modifierPrompt: Ask: who or what is doing the action in the opening phrase?
  2. This sentence has a dangling modifier. Which choice fixes it? Opening the box, a puppy jumped out. • When I opened the box, a puppy jumped out. • Opening the box a puppy jumped out. • A puppy, opening the box, jumped out. • Opening the box, a puppy suddenly jumped out. (When I opened the box, a puppy jumped out. / Opening the box a puppy jumped out. / A puppy, opening the box, jumped out. / Opening the box, a puppy suddenly jumped out.) → When I opened the box, a puppy jumped out.Prompt: Who is really doing the action in the opening phrase?

You do: independent practice · 10 min

  • Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
  • Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.

The 8 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.

Exit ticket · 5 min

  • Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.
  1. This sentence has a dangling modifier. Which choice fixes it? To win the competition, a lot of practice is needed. • A lot of practice, to win the competition, is needed. • To win the competition, you need a lot of practice. • To win the competition a lot of practice is needed. • To win the competition, practice is needed a lot. (A lot of practice, to win the competition, is needed. / To win the competition, you need a lot of practice. / To win the competition a lot of practice is needed. / To win the competition, practice is needed a lot.) → To win the competition, you need a lot of practice.Prompt: Who is really doing the action in the opening phrase?
  2. Is the opening phrase correctly attached, or is it a dangling modifier? Covered in mud, the dog was washed by its owner. (correct / dangling modifier) → correctPrompt: Ask: who or what is doing the action in the opening phrase?

Watch out for

  • Naming the feature but not using it in their own sentences.
  • Thinking a sentence is right because it sounds right when spoken casually.

Support and stretch

Support

  • Review first: Misplaced and dangling modifiers.
  • Use concrete materials: sentence strips.
  • Give the first step of each question, or a partly worked example to finish.
  • Pair with a confident partner for the guided practice.

Stretch

  • Move on to: After an opening modifier, choose the right subject (SAT).
  • Explain a common mistake in writing and how to fix it.
  • Write a word problem that uses today's skill, then solve a partner's.

Homework and more practice

Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/english/grade-8.

Free lesson plan from eurekami.com/lesson-plan-builder

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Fixing dangling participle phrases

Name

Date

Score/ 8

  1. Question 1

    This sentence has a dangling modifier. Which choice fixes it? Running for the bus, my phone fell out of my pocket. • My phone, running for the bus, fell out. • Running for the bus, my phone dropped from my pocket quickly. • Running for the bus, I dropped my phone out of my pocket. • Running for the bus my phone fell out of my pocket.

    • A. My phone, running for the bus, fell out.
    • B. Running for the bus, my phone dropped from my pocket quickly.
    • C. Running for the bus, I dropped my phone out of my pocket.
    • D. Running for the bus my phone fell out of my pocket.

  2. Question 2

    Is the opening phrase correctly attached, or is it a dangling modifier? Looking out of the window, we admired the mountains.

    • A. correct
    • B. dangling modifier

  3. Question 3

    This sentence has a dangling modifier. Which choice fixes it? Hungry and cold, the hut was a welcome sight. • Hungry and cold, the hikers were glad to see the hut. • Hungry and cold, the hut looked welcoming. • The hut, hungry and cold, was a welcome sight. • Hungry and cold the hut was welcome.

    • A. Hungry and cold, the hikers were glad to see the hut.
    • B. Hungry and cold, the hut looked welcoming.
    • C. The hut, hungry and cold, was a welcome sight.
    • D. Hungry and cold the hut was welcome.

  4. Question 4

    Is the opening phrase correctly attached, or is it a dangling modifier? Having finished the test, the room was silent.

    • A. correct
    • B. dangling modifier

  5. Question 5

    This sentence has a dangling modifier. Which choice fixes it? Running for the bus, my phone fell out of my pocket. • Running for the bus, my phone dropped from my pocket quickly. • Running for the bus, I dropped my phone out of my pocket. • Running for the bus my phone fell out of my pocket. • My phone, running for the bus, fell out.

    • A. Running for the bus, my phone dropped from my pocket quickly.
    • B. Running for the bus, I dropped my phone out of my pocket.
    • C. Running for the bus my phone fell out of my pocket.
    • D. My phone, running for the bus, fell out.

  6. Question 6

    Is the opening phrase correctly attached, or is it a dangling modifier? Tired after the race, Ana took a long nap.

    • A. correct
    • B. dangling modifier

  7. Question 7

    This sentence has a dangling modifier. Which choice fixes it? Burnt to a crisp, I threw the toast away. • I threw away the toast, which was burnt to a crisp. • Burnt to a crisp, I threw away the toast. • I, burnt to a crisp, threw the toast away. • Burnt to a crisp I threw the toast away.

    • A. I threw away the toast, which was burnt to a crisp.
    • B. Burnt to a crisp, I threw away the toast.
    • C. I, burnt to a crisp, threw the toast away.
    • D. Burnt to a crisp I threw the toast away.

  8. Question 8

    Is the opening phrase correctly attached, or is it a dangling modifier? Walking to school, I got caught in the rain.

    • A. correct
    • B. dangling modifier

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Answer key: Fixing dangling participle phrases

  1. 1. C. Running for the bus, I dropped my phone out of my pocket.

  2. 2. A. correct

  3. 3. A. Hungry and cold, the hikers were glad to see the hut.

  4. 4. B. dangling modifier

  5. 5. B. Running for the bus, I dropped my phone out of my pocket.

  6. 6. A. correct

  7. 7. A. I threw away the toast, which was burnt to a crisp.

  8. 8. A. correct