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Cross-text connections
11th grade (Year 12 in England) · 16 questions · Common Core: RI.11-12.9, RI.11-12.6 · England: SAT Reading and Writing (Cross-Text Connections), GCSE English Language Paper 2 Q4
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Two Texts on Memory
TEXT 1
For much of the twentieth century, many people imagined memory as a kind of recording device. An experience, according to this view, was stored somewhere in the brain like a film on a shelf; remembering meant taking the film down and playing it again. Forgetting was simply the film fading with age. This model was appealing because it matched how memory often feels: vivid, detailed and certain.
TEXT 2
Decades of experiments have undermined the idea that memories are fixed recordings. In one well-known type of study, participants watch a video of a car accident and are later asked how fast the cars were going when they "smashed" or when they "hit" each other. Those who heard "smashed" not only gave higher speed estimates but were more likely, a week later, to report seeing broken glass – although there was none in the video. Such findings suggest that each act of remembering is partly an act of reconstruction, shaped by later information, expectation and language. A memory can feel certain and still be wrong.
Question 1
Read "Two Texts on Memory". What do both texts acknowledge?
- A. Language has no effect on memory.
- B. Memories are always accurate.
- C. The recording model is correct.
- D. Memories can feel vivid and certain.
Question 2
Text 1: A biologist argues that city gardens provide important food for bees. Text 2: An urban planner notes that most city gardens contain flowers bred for appearance, many of which produce little nectar. How would the planner in Text 2 most likely qualify the claim in Text 1?
- A. By claiming that flowers produce too much nectar.
- B. By pointing out that the type of flowers planted affects how useful gardens are to bees.
- C. By agreeing that every garden is equally useful.
- D. By arguing that bees do not live in cities.
Two Views on AI and Art
Text 1. When photography was invented, some painters declared that art was dead. Instead, painting changed: freed from the need to record reality, artists explored colour, emotion and abstraction. Image-generating AI may play a similar role. Used as a tool, it can help people sketch ideas quickly, test compositions and bring visual thinking to those who never trained as artists. The question is not whether AI will end art, but what new kinds of art people will make with it.
Text 2. Comparisons with photography are tempting but misleading. A camera records the world; many AI image tools are trained on millions of existing artworks, often without their creators' permission or payment. Until artists can choose whether their work is used, and are fairly credited, it is hard to call this simply a new tool. The problem is not the technology itself but the way it has been built.
Question 3
Read "Two Views on AI and Art". How would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the photography comparison in Text 1?
- A. by claiming that photography is not art
- B. by saying AI cannot make images
- C. by agreeing that AI is exactly like a camera
- D. by arguing it overlooks how AI tools are trained on artists' work without permission
Two Texts on Memory
TEXT 1
For much of the twentieth century, many people imagined memory as a kind of recording device. An experience, according to this view, was stored somewhere in the brain like a film on a shelf; remembering meant taking the film down and playing it again. Forgetting was simply the film fading with age. This model was appealing because it matched how memory often feels: vivid, detailed and certain.
TEXT 2
Decades of experiments have undermined the idea that memories are fixed recordings. In one well-known type of study, participants watch a video of a car accident and are later asked how fast the cars were going when they "smashed" or when they "hit" each other. Those who heard "smashed" not only gave higher speed estimates but were more likely, a week later, to report seeing broken glass – although there was none in the video. Such findings suggest that each act of remembering is partly an act of reconstruction, shaped by later information, expectation and language. A memory can feel certain and still be wrong.
Question 4
Read "Two Texts on Memory". How would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the model in Text 1?
- A. by agreeing that memories are fixed recordings
- B. by arguing that experiments show memory is reconstructed, not simply replayed
- C. by saying memory has never been studied
- D. by claiming that forgetting never happens
Two Views on AI and Art
Text 1. When photography was invented, some painters declared that art was dead. Instead, painting changed: freed from the need to record reality, artists explored colour, emotion and abstraction. Image-generating AI may play a similar role. Used as a tool, it can help people sketch ideas quickly, test compositions and bring visual thinking to those who never trained as artists. The question is not whether AI will end art, but what new kinds of art people will make with it.
Text 2. Comparisons with photography are tempting but misleading. A camera records the world; many AI image tools are trained on millions of existing artworks, often without their creators' permission or payment. Until artists can choose whether their work is used, and are fairly credited, it is hard to call this simply a new tool. The problem is not the technology itself but the way it has been built.
Question 5
Read "Two Views on AI and Art". On which point would both authors most likely agree?
- A. AI image technology is significant and raises important questions about art.
- B. Artists should never be paid.
- C. AI should be banned immediately.
- D. Photography was a mistake.
Two Texts on Memory
TEXT 1
For much of the twentieth century, many people imagined memory as a kind of recording device. An experience, according to this view, was stored somewhere in the brain like a film on a shelf; remembering meant taking the film down and playing it again. Forgetting was simply the film fading with age. This model was appealing because it matched how memory often feels: vivid, detailed and certain.
TEXT 2
Decades of experiments have undermined the idea that memories are fixed recordings. In one well-known type of study, participants watch a video of a car accident and are later asked how fast the cars were going when they "smashed" or when they "hit" each other. Those who heard "smashed" not only gave higher speed estimates but were more likely, a week later, to report seeing broken glass – although there was none in the video. Such findings suggest that each act of remembering is partly an act of reconstruction, shaped by later information, expectation and language. A memory can feel certain and still be wrong.
Question 6
Read "Two Texts on Memory". What do both texts acknowledge?
- A. Language has no effect on memory.
- B. The recording model is correct.
- C. Memories are always accurate.
- D. Memories can feel vivid and certain.
Question 7
Text 1: Some economists argue that a four-day week raises productivity because rested workers focus better. Text 2: Other researchers caution that productivity gains seen in office trials may not apply to hospitals or factories, where hours relate directly to output. How would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the economists in Text 1?
- A. By arguing offices should work longer hours.
- B. By agreeing that all workplaces should adopt a four-day week.
- C. By claiming rested workers focus worse.
- D. By noting that their findings may not apply to every kind of workplace.
Two Views on AI and Art
Text 1. When photography was invented, some painters declared that art was dead. Instead, painting changed: freed from the need to record reality, artists explored colour, emotion and abstraction. Image-generating AI may play a similar role. Used as a tool, it can help people sketch ideas quickly, test compositions and bring visual thinking to those who never trained as artists. The question is not whether AI will end art, but what new kinds of art people will make with it.
Text 2. Comparisons with photography are tempting but misleading. A camera records the world; many AI image tools are trained on millions of existing artworks, often without their creators' permission or payment. Until artists can choose whether their work is used, and are fairly credited, it is hard to call this simply a new tool. The problem is not the technology itself but the way it has been built.
Question 8
Read "Two Views on AI and Art". How would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the photography comparison in Text 1?
- A. by agreeing that AI is exactly like a camera
- B. by claiming that photography is not art
- C. by arguing it overlooks how AI tools are trained on artists' work without permission
- D. by saying AI cannot make images
Two Texts on Memory
TEXT 1
For much of the twentieth century, many people imagined memory as a kind of recording device. An experience, according to this view, was stored somewhere in the brain like a film on a shelf; remembering meant taking the film down and playing it again. Forgetting was simply the film fading with age. This model was appealing because it matched how memory often feels: vivid, detailed and certain.
TEXT 2
Decades of experiments have undermined the idea that memories are fixed recordings. In one well-known type of study, participants watch a video of a car accident and are later asked how fast the cars were going when they "smashed" or when they "hit" each other. Those who heard "smashed" not only gave higher speed estimates but were more likely, a week later, to report seeing broken glass – although there was none in the video. Such findings suggest that each act of remembering is partly an act of reconstruction, shaped by later information, expectation and language. A memory can feel certain and still be wrong.
Question 9
Read "Two Texts on Memory". How would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the model in Text 1?
- A. by claiming that forgetting never happens
- B. by arguing that experiments show memory is reconstructed, not simply replayed
- C. by saying memory has never been studied
- D. by agreeing that memories are fixed recordings
Two Views on AI and Art
Text 1. When photography was invented, some painters declared that art was dead. Instead, painting changed: freed from the need to record reality, artists explored colour, emotion and abstraction. Image-generating AI may play a similar role. Used as a tool, it can help people sketch ideas quickly, test compositions and bring visual thinking to those who never trained as artists. The question is not whether AI will end art, but what new kinds of art people will make with it.
Text 2. Comparisons with photography are tempting but misleading. A camera records the world; many AI image tools are trained on millions of existing artworks, often without their creators' permission or payment. Until artists can choose whether their work is used, and are fairly credited, it is hard to call this simply a new tool. The problem is not the technology itself but the way it has been built.
Question 10
Read "Two Views on AI and Art". On which point would both authors most likely agree?
- A. Photography was a mistake.
- B. Artists should never be paid.
- C. AI image technology is significant and raises important questions about art.
- D. AI should be banned immediately.
Two Texts on Memory
TEXT 1
For much of the twentieth century, many people imagined memory as a kind of recording device. An experience, according to this view, was stored somewhere in the brain like a film on a shelf; remembering meant taking the film down and playing it again. Forgetting was simply the film fading with age. This model was appealing because it matched how memory often feels: vivid, detailed and certain.
TEXT 2
Decades of experiments have undermined the idea that memories are fixed recordings. In one well-known type of study, participants watch a video of a car accident and are later asked how fast the cars were going when they "smashed" or when they "hit" each other. Those who heard "smashed" not only gave higher speed estimates but were more likely, a week later, to report seeing broken glass – although there was none in the video. Such findings suggest that each act of remembering is partly an act of reconstruction, shaped by later information, expectation and language. A memory can feel certain and still be wrong.
Question 11
Read "Two Texts on Memory". What do both texts acknowledge?
- A. Memories can feel vivid and certain.
- B. Language has no effect on memory.
- C. Memories are always accurate.
- D. The recording model is correct.
Question 12
Text 1: Reading on screens, some studies suggest, reduces deep comprehension. Text 2: A newer study found no difference in comprehension when readers were given unlimited time on both formats. What would the author of Text 2 most likely say about Text 1's studies?
- A. They are identical to the newer study.
- B. They show paper is always worse.
- C. They prove screens are harmful.
- D. Their results might reflect time limits rather than the screen itself.
Two Views on AI and Art
Text 1. When photography was invented, some painters declared that art was dead. Instead, painting changed: freed from the need to record reality, artists explored colour, emotion and abstraction. Image-generating AI may play a similar role. Used as a tool, it can help people sketch ideas quickly, test compositions and bring visual thinking to those who never trained as artists. The question is not whether AI will end art, but what new kinds of art people will make with it.
Text 2. Comparisons with photography are tempting but misleading. A camera records the world; many AI image tools are trained on millions of existing artworks, often without their creators' permission or payment. Until artists can choose whether their work is used, and are fairly credited, it is hard to call this simply a new tool. The problem is not the technology itself but the way it has been built.
Question 13
Read "Two Views on AI and Art". How would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the photography comparison in Text 1?
- A. by saying AI cannot make images
- B. by arguing it overlooks how AI tools are trained on artists' work without permission
- C. by claiming that photography is not art
- D. by agreeing that AI is exactly like a camera
Two Texts on Memory
TEXT 1
For much of the twentieth century, many people imagined memory as a kind of recording device. An experience, according to this view, was stored somewhere in the brain like a film on a shelf; remembering meant taking the film down and playing it again. Forgetting was simply the film fading with age. This model was appealing because it matched how memory often feels: vivid, detailed and certain.
TEXT 2
Decades of experiments have undermined the idea that memories are fixed recordings. In one well-known type of study, participants watch a video of a car accident and are later asked how fast the cars were going when they "smashed" or when they "hit" each other. Those who heard "smashed" not only gave higher speed estimates but were more likely, a week later, to report seeing broken glass – although there was none in the video. Such findings suggest that each act of remembering is partly an act of reconstruction, shaped by later information, expectation and language. A memory can feel certain and still be wrong.
Question 14
Read "Two Texts on Memory". How would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the model in Text 1?
- A. by arguing that experiments show memory is reconstructed, not simply replayed
- B. by saying memory has never been studied
- C. by claiming that forgetting never happens
- D. by agreeing that memories are fixed recordings
Two Views on AI and Art
Text 1. When photography was invented, some painters declared that art was dead. Instead, painting changed: freed from the need to record reality, artists explored colour, emotion and abstraction. Image-generating AI may play a similar role. Used as a tool, it can help people sketch ideas quickly, test compositions and bring visual thinking to those who never trained as artists. The question is not whether AI will end art, but what new kinds of art people will make with it.
Text 2. Comparisons with photography are tempting but misleading. A camera records the world; many AI image tools are trained on millions of existing artworks, often without their creators' permission or payment. Until artists can choose whether their work is used, and are fairly credited, it is hard to call this simply a new tool. The problem is not the technology itself but the way it has been built.
Question 15
Read "Two Views on AI and Art". On which point would both authors most likely agree?
- A. AI should be banned immediately.
- B. AI image technology is significant and raises important questions about art.
- C. Artists should never be paid.
- D. Photography was a mistake.
Two Texts on Memory
TEXT 1
For much of the twentieth century, many people imagined memory as a kind of recording device. An experience, according to this view, was stored somewhere in the brain like a film on a shelf; remembering meant taking the film down and playing it again. Forgetting was simply the film fading with age. This model was appealing because it matched how memory often feels: vivid, detailed and certain.
TEXT 2
Decades of experiments have undermined the idea that memories are fixed recordings. In one well-known type of study, participants watch a video of a car accident and are later asked how fast the cars were going when they "smashed" or when they "hit" each other. Those who heard "smashed" not only gave higher speed estimates but were more likely, a week later, to report seeing broken glass – although there was none in the video. Such findings suggest that each act of remembering is partly an act of reconstruction, shaped by later information, expectation and language. A memory can feel certain and still be wrong.
Question 16
Read "Two Texts on Memory". What do both texts acknowledge?
- A. Memories can feel vivid and certain.
- B. The recording model is correct.
- C. Language has no effect on memory.
- D. Memories are always accurate.
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