Read cladograms and shared derived traits

Question 1

A cladogram branches in this order: lamprey, shark, frog, lizard, mouse. New traits: jaws appears before the shark branch; four limbs appears before the frog branch; amniotic egg appears before the lizard branch; hair appears before the mouse branch. Does the shark have jaws?

• A. yes
• B. no

Question 2

A cladogram branches in this order (first branch = most distantly related): moss, fern, pine, sunflower. Which of these options is most closely related to the sunflower?

• A. fern
• B. pine
• C. moss

Question 3

Which evidence is now used most to build evolutionary trees?

• A. comparing where animals live
• B. comparing body size only
• C. comparing colours
• D. comparing DNA and protein sequences

Question 4

A cladogram branches in this order: lamprey, shark, frog, lizard, mouse. New traits: jaws appears before the shark branch; four limbs appears before the frog branch; amniotic egg appears before the lizard branch; hair appears before the mouse branch. Does the lizard have amniotic egg?

• A. yes
• B. no

Question 5

A cladogram branches in this order (first branch = most distantly related): lamprey, shark, frog, lizard, mouse. Which of these options is most closely related to the frog?

• A. lamprey
• B. shark
• C. mouse

Question 6

Which evidence is now used most to build evolutionary trees?

• A. comparing where animals live
• B. comparing colours
• C. comparing DNA and protein sequences
• D. comparing body size only

Question 7

A cladogram branches in this order: moss, fern, pine, sunflower. New traits: vascular tissue appears before the fern branch; seeds appears before the pine branch; flowers appears before the sunflower branch. Does the pine have seeds?

• A. yes
• B. no

Question 8

A cladogram branches in this order (first branch = most distantly related): lamprey, shark, frog, lizard, mouse. Which of these options is most closely related to the frog?

• A. shark
• B. mouse
• C. lamprey

Question 9

A trait shared by a group because their common ancestor had it is called…

• A. a shared derived characteristic
• B. an acquired characteristic
• C. an environmental variation
• D. a random mutation in each species

Question 10

A cladogram branches in this order: moss, fern, pine, sunflower. New traits: vascular tissue appears before the fern branch; seeds appears before the pine branch; flowers appears before the sunflower branch. Does the fern have flowers?

• A. yes
• B. no

Question 11

A cladogram branches in this order (first branch = most distantly related): lamprey, shark, frog, lizard, mouse. Which of these options is most closely related to the lizard?

• A. lamprey
• B. frog
• C. mouse
• D. shark

Question 12

Which evidence is now used most to build evolutionary trees?

• A. comparing colours
• B. comparing DNA and protein sequences
• C. comparing where animals live
• D. comparing body size only

Question 13

A cladogram branches in this order: moss, fern, pine, sunflower. New traits: vascular tissue appears before the fern branch; seeds appears before the pine branch; flowers appears before the sunflower branch. Does the pine have seeds?

• A. yes
• B. no

Question 14

A cladogram branches in this order (first branch = most distantly related): moss, fern, pine, sunflower. Which of these options is most closely related to the pine?

• A. sunflower
• B. moss
• C. fern

Question 15

A trait shared by a group because their common ancestor had it is called…

• A. a random mutation in each species
• B. a shared derived characteristic
• C. an acquired characteristic
• D. an environmental variation

Question 16

A cladogram branches in this order: moss, fern, pine, sunflower. New traits: vascular tissue appears before the fern branch; seeds appears before the pine branch; flowers appears before the sunflower branch. Does the pine have seeds?

• A. yes
• B. no