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10th grade cells, genetics and evolution

10th grade (Year 11 in England) · 13 questions · Common Core: NGSS.HS-LS1-1, NGSS.HS-LS3-1, NGSS.HS-LS4-1, NGSS.SEP 7 · England: GCSE Biology: Inheritance, variation and evolution (protein synthesis), GCSE Biology: Inheritance, variation and evolution (DNA structure), GCSE Combined Science: Inheritance, variation and evolution

Name

Date

Score/ 13

  1. Question 1

    A DNA template strand reads TCT TCC TTG. Write the mRNA sequence transcribed from it (letters only).

    Answer

  2. Question 2

    What does a sequence of three bases (a codon) code for?

    • A. one protein
    • B. one amino acid
    • C. one gene
    • D. one chromosome

  3. Question 3

    One strand of DNA reads TGA GAG TAA. Write the complementary DNA strand (letters only).

    Answer

  4. Question 4

    Bacteria that resist the antibiotic used against them appear within years. Why is this evidence for evolution?

    • A. We can watch natural selection change a population in real time
    • B. Antibiotics create the resistance gene on purpose
    • C. It shows bacteria never mutate
    • D. Bacteria choose to become resistant

  5. Question 5

    Approximate % difference between human DNA and other primates: rhesus macaque 7 %, orangutan 3.1 %, gorilla 1.6 %. Which primate shares the most recent common ancestor with humans?

    • A. rhesus macaque
    • B. orangutan
    • C. gorilla

  6. Question 6

    Protein synthesis: which statement is NOT true?

    • A. Translation happens at ribosomes.
    • B. Proteins are made of sugars.
    • C. A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein.
    • D. Transcription happens in the nucleus.

  7. Question 7

    Which scientists' X-ray image helped show DNA is a double helix?

    • A. Rosalind Franklin's (with Maurice Wilkins's lab)
    • B. Gregor Mendel's
    • C. Alexander Fleming's
    • D. Louis Pasteur's

  8. Question 8

    A DNA template strand reads TAA TGC ACG. Write the mRNA sequence transcribed from it (letters only).

    Answer

  9. Question 9

    Why does the final shape of a protein matter?

    • A. All proteins have the same shape
    • B. Shape decides the colour of the cell
    • C. Shape does not matter
    • D. Its shape lets it do its job, such as an enzyme's active site

  10. Question 10

    One strand of DNA reads ACC CGG. Write the complementary DNA strand (letters only).

    Answer

  11. Question 11

    Why are fossils good evidence for evolution?

    • A. Fossils show that species never change
    • B. Fossils are all the same age
    • C. Every organism that ever lived became a fossil
    • D. Deeper (older) rock layers show simpler organisms that changed gradually over time

  12. Question 12

    Approximate % difference between human DNA and other primates: chimpanzee 1.2 %, orangutan 3.1 %, rhesus macaque 7 %. Which primate shares the most recent common ancestor with humans?

    • A. chimpanzee
    • B. orangutan
    • C. rhesus macaque

  13. Question 13

    Protein synthesis: which statement is NOT true?

    • A. Proteins are made of sugars.
    • B. Translation happens at ribosomes.
    • C. Transcription happens in the nucleus.
    • D. The order of bases decides the order of amino acids.

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  1. AGAAGGAAC
  2. one amino acid
  3. ACTCTCATT
  4. We can watch natural selection change a population in real time
  5. gorilla
  6. Proteins are made of sugars.
  7. Rosalind Franklin's (with Maurice Wilkins's lab)
  8. AUUACGUGC
  9. Its shape lets it do its job, such as an enzyme's active site
  10. TGGGCC
  11. Deeper (older) rock layers show simpler organisms that changed gradually over time
  12. chimpanzee
  13. Proteins are made of sugars.