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10th grade cells, genetics and evolution

10th grade (Year 11 in England) · 13 questions · Common Core: NGSS.HS-LS1-1, NGSS.HS-LS3-1, NGSS.HS-LS4-1, NGSS.SEP 7 · England: GCSE Biology: Inheritance, variation and evolution (protein synthesis), GCSE Biology: Inheritance, variation and evolution (DNA structure), GCSE Combined Science: Inheritance, variation and evolution

Name

Date

Score/ 13

1
Question 1
Which base is found in RNA but not in DNA?
- A. uracil (U)
- B. guanine (G)
- C. adenine (A)
- D. thymine (T)
2
Question 2
Protein synthesis: which statement is NOT true?
- A. Proteins are made of sugars.
- B. Transcription happens in the nucleus.
- C. A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein.
- D. Translation happens at ribosomes.
3
Question 3
Approximate % difference between human DNA and other primates: orangutan 3.1 %, gorilla 1.6 %, rhesus macaque 7 %. Which primate shares the most recent common ancestor with humans?
- A. orangutan
- B. rhesus macaque
- C. gorilla
Question 4
A DNA template strand reads GTG CAC. Write the mRNA sequence transcribed from it (letters only).
Answer
Question 5
One strand of DNA reads TTA TAT. Write the complementary DNA strand (letters only).
Answer
6
Question 6
Bacteria that resist the antibiotic used against them appear within years. Why is this evidence for evolution?
- A. We can watch natural selection change a population in real time
- B. Bacteria choose to become resistant
- C. It shows bacteria never mutate
- D. Antibiotics create the resistance gene on purpose
7
Question 7
Where does translation take place?
- A. in the mitochondria
- B. inside the nucleus
- C. in the cell membrane
- D. at ribosomes in the cytoplasm
8
Question 8
What holds the two strands of the DNA double helix together?
- A. weak hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs
- B. strong ionic bonds
- C. metal atoms
- D. a layer of protein
9
Question 9
Protein synthesis: which statement is NOT true?
- A. DNA leaves the nucleus to make proteins.
- B. Translation happens at ribosomes.
- C. The order of bases decides the order of amino acids.
- D. A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein.
10
Question 10
Approximate % difference between human DNA and other primates: gorilla 1.6 %, rhesus macaque 7 %, orangutan 3.1 %. Which primate shares the most recent common ancestor with humans?
- A. rhesus macaque
- B. gorilla
- C. orangutan
Question 11
A DNA template strand reads ACA CGT TGG. Write the mRNA sequence transcribed from it (letters only).
Answer
Question 12
One strand of DNA reads GTA AAA. Write the complementary DNA strand (letters only).
Answer
13
Question 13
The arm of a human, the wing of a bat and the flipper of a whale have the same arrangement of bones. What does this suggest?
- A. They were designed for the same job
- B. Bats evolved from whales
- C. They evolved from a common ancestor
- D. It is a coincidence

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Answer key: 10th grade cells, genetics and evolution

1. A. uracil (U)
2. A. Proteins are made of sugars.
3. C. gorilla
4. CACGUG
5. AATATA
6. A. We can watch natural selection change a population in real time
7. D. at ribosomes in the cytoplasm
8. A. weak hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs
9. A. DNA leaves the nucleus to make proteins.
10. B. gorilla
11. UGUGCAACC
12. CATTTT
13. C. They evolved from a common ancestor