Math lesson plan · Kindergarten (Reception and Year 1 in England) · 60 minutes
Add and subtract within 5
Addition and subtraction
CCSS K.OA.A.5England: Reception Number
Objective and success criteria
Students will: Add and subtract within 5.
- I can answer questions on today's skill on my own, without help.
- I can explain each step and say why it works.
- I can check my answer and spot a mistake.
Before and after
Needs first: Count objects
Leads to: Add within 10; Subtract within 10
Materials: Base-ten blocks, Number lines, Hundred square, Mini whiteboards and pens, Printed student sheet (below).
Warm-up · 6 min
- Quick retrieval from earlier learning (Count objects). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
- Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.
- Grace sees 5 red apples and 2 green apples. How many is that altogether? → 7Prompt: Start at 5 and count on.
- Grace sees 3 cats and 3 dogs. How many is that altogether? → 6Prompt: Start at 3 and count on.
- Hiro sees 2 cats and 3 dogs. How many is that altogether? → 5Prompt: Start at 2 and count on.
Hook · 6 min
- Give a real shopping total or a score difference and ask for a quick estimate first.
- Share the objective: Add and subtract within 5. Read the success criteria together.
I do: model it · 12 min
- Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
- Model one question from the student sheet, thinking aloud.
- Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.
We do: guided practice · 12 min
- Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
- Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.
You do: independent practice · 17 min
- Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
- Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.
The 8 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.
Exit ticket · 7 min
- Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.
Watch out for
- Subtracting the smaller digit from the bigger one in every column (52 − 17 = 45).
- Forgetting to add the regrouped (carried) ten.
Support and stretch
Support
- Review first: Count objects.
- Use concrete materials: base-ten blocks.
- Give the first step of each question, or a partly worked example to finish.
- Pair with a confident partner for the guided practice.
Stretch
- Move on to: Add within 10; Subtract within 10.
- Explain a common mistake in writing and how to fix it.
- Write a word problem that uses today's skill, then solve a partner's.
Homework and more practice
Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/math/kindergarten.
Free lesson plan from eurekami.com/lesson-plan-builder