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Science lesson plan · 7th grade (Year 8 in England) · 60 minutes

Air pressure, fronts and forecasting the weather

Weather and climate

CCSS NGSS.MS-ESS2-5CCSS NGSS.SEP 4England: KS3 Geography: Weather and climate

Objective and success criteria

Students will: Air pressure, fronts and forecasting the weather.

  • I can answer questions on today's skill on my own, without help.
  • I can explain each step and say why it works.
  • I can check my answer and spot a mistake.

Before and after

Needs first: Reading weather data; Measuring the weather

Leads to: Global winds, ocean currents and climate zones

Materials: Weather maps, Thermometers, Mini whiteboards, A diagram or short video clip of the idea, Printed student sheet (below).

Warm-up · 6 min

  • Quick retrieval from earlier learning (Reading weather data; Measuring the weather). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
  • Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.
  1. Which instrument would you use to measure which direction the wind comes from? (anemometer / barometer / thermometer / wind vane) → wind vanePrompt: Is it about rain, temperature, wind speed, wind direction or pressure?
  2. Temperatures (°C) on five days were 1, 4, 4, 5, 5. What was the mean temperature? Give 1 decimal place. → 3.8 °CPrompt: Add the temperatures.
  3. Which instrument would you use to measure air pressure? (anemometer / rain gauge / barometer / thermometer) → barometerPrompt: Is it about rain, temperature, wind speed, wind direction or pressure?

Hook · 6 min

  • Show today's forecast and ask what it means for the class and how forecasters know.
  • Share the objective: Air pressure, fronts and forecasting the weather. Read the success criteria together.

I do: model it · 12 min

  • Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
  • Example: Wind blows from areas of…
  • Step 1: Air flows from high to low pressure; bigger differences give stronger winds.
  • Step 2: So the answer is: high pressure to low pressure
  • Answer: high pressure to low pressure
  • Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.

We do: guided practice · 12 min

  • Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
  • Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.
  1. Wind blows from areas of… (cold to colder / high pressure to low pressure / the sea only / low pressure to high pressure) → high pressure to low pressurePrompt: Air moves to even out differences in pressure.
  2. A weather station recorded air pressure changing from 1012 hPa to 1002 hPa over 12 hours. What does this suggest? (rain and wind are becoming more likely / settled, dry weather is becoming more likely) → rain and wind are becoming more likelyPrompt: Is the pressure going up or down?

You do: independent practice · 17 min

  • Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
  • Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.

The 8 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.

Exit ticket · 7 min

  • Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.
  1. Why does high pressure (an anticyclone) usually bring dry weather? (High pressure creates rain / Air sinks and warms, so clouds do not form easily / Air rises and cools / High pressure blocks sunlight) → Air sinks and warms, so clouds do not form easilyPrompt: Clouds form when air rises and cools.
  2. A weather station recorded air pressure changing from 1016 hPa to 1008 hPa over 24 hours. What does this suggest? (rain and wind are becoming more likely / settled, dry weather is becoming more likely) → rain and wind are becoming more likelyPrompt: Is the pressure going up or down?

Watch out for

  • Everyday meanings of words getting in the way of the science meaning: define key words explicitly.
  • Remembering facts without the reason: ask "why?" and "what is the evidence?"

Support and stretch

Support

  • Review first: Reading weather data.
  • Use concrete materials: weather maps.
  • Give the first step of each question, or a partly worked example to finish.
  • Pair with a confident partner for the guided practice.

Stretch

  • Move on to: Global winds, ocean currents and climate zones.
  • Explain a common mistake in writing and how to fix it.
  • Write a word problem that uses today's skill, then solve a partner's.

Homework and more practice

Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/science/grade-7.

Free lesson plan from eurekami.com/lesson-plan-builder

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Air pressure, fronts and forecasting the weather

Name

Date

Score/ 8

  1. Question 1

    What happens when a cold front passes?

    • A. Temperatures rise sharply and stay high
    • B. Cold air pushes under warm air, often giving heavy showers and then cooler, clearer weather
    • C. Nothing happens
    • D. Fog always forms for days

  2. Question 2

    A weather station recorded air pressure changing from 1014 hPa to 1022 hPa over 12 hours. What does this suggest?

    • A. rain and wind are becoming more likely
    • B. settled, dry weather is becoming more likely

  3. Question 3

    Weather systems: which statement is NOT true?

    • A. Isobars on a weather map join places of equal pressure.
    • B. Weather and climate mean the same thing.
    • C. Closely spaced isobars mean strong winds.
    • D. Meteorologists use satellites and computer models to forecast weather.

  4. Question 4

    A barometer reading falls steadily over a day. What weather is most likely?

    • A. no change at all
    • B. clear, calm sunny skies
    • C. snow in summer for certain
    • D. clouds, wind and rain as low pressure arrives

  5. Question 5

    A weather station recorded air pressure changing from 1012 hPa to 1006 hPa over 24 hours. What does this suggest?

    • A. rain and wind are becoming more likely
    • B. settled, dry weather is becoming more likely

  6. Question 6

    Wind blows from areas of…

    • A. low pressure to high pressure
    • B. high pressure to low pressure
    • C. cold to colder
    • D. the sea only

  7. Question 7

    A weather station recorded air pressure changing from 1017 hPa to 1011 hPa over 12 hours. What does this suggest?

    • A. rain and wind are becoming more likely
    • B. settled, dry weather is becoming more likely

  8. Question 8

    A weather station recorded air pressure changing from 1015 hPa to 1011 hPa over 8 hours. What does this suggest?

    • A. rain and wind are becoming more likely
    • B. settled, dry weather is becoming more likely

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Answer key: Air pressure, fronts and forecasting the weather

  1. 1. B. Cold air pushes under warm air, often giving heavy showers and then cooler, clearer weather

  2. 2. B. settled, dry weather is becoming more likely

  3. 3. B. Weather and climate mean the same thing.

  4. 4. D. clouds, wind and rain as low pressure arrives

  5. 5. A. rain and wind are becoming more likely

  6. 6. B. high pressure to low pressure

  7. 7. A. rain and wind are becoming more likely

  8. 8. A. rain and wind are becoming more likely