English lesson plan · 4th grade (Year 5 in England) · 45 minutes
Punctuating direct speech: ? and ! inside, split speech, new speakers
Punctuation
CCSS L.4.2.BEngland: Y4 GPS (punctuation of direct speech)England: KS2 SATs GPS
Objective and success criteria
Students will: Punctuating direct speech: ? and ! inside, split speech, new speakers.
- I can answer questions on today's skill on my own, without help.
- I can explain each step and say why it works.
- I can check my answer and spot a mistake.
Before and after
Needs first: Commas in dialogue: Mum said, "…" and "…," said Mum
Leads to: Commas after openers, yes and no, tag questions and names
Materials: Punctuation cards, A short unpunctuated text, Highlighters, Mini whiteboards, A short model text on the board, Printed student sheet (below).
Warm-up · 5 min
- Quick retrieval from earlier learning (Commas in dialogue: Mum said, "…" and "…," said Mum). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
- Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.
- Which sentence is punctuated correctly? (Gran said, I made soup for lunch. / Gran said "I made soup for lunch." / Gran, said "I made soup for lunch." / Gran said, "I made soup for lunch.") → Gran said, "I made soup for lunch."Prompt: A comma separates the spoken words from the words that say who is speaking.
- What is missing from this sentence? "Let's go to the park" said Ravi. (a comma after "said" / a comma after "park", inside the speech marks / a full stop after "park", outside the speech marks / nothing: it is already correct) → a comma after "park", inside the speech marksPrompt: Find where the spoken words meet the words about who is speaking.
- What is missing from this sentence? "Time for bed" said Mum. (nothing: it is already correct / a full stop after "bed", outside the speech marks / a comma after "said" / a comma after "bed", inside the speech marks) → a comma after "bed", inside the speech marksPrompt: Find where the spoken words meet the words about who is speaking.
Hook · 5 min
- Read a short passage with no punctuation and let the class hear why it's confusing.
- Share the objective: Punctuating direct speech: ? and ! inside, split speech, new speakers. Read the success criteria together.
I do: model it · 10 min
- Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
- Example: Which sentence is punctuated correctly?
- Step 1: The spoken words end with ! inside the speech marks; then "yelled Nadia" continues in lower case.
- Step 2: So the answer is: "Goal!" yelled Nadia.
- Answer: "Goal!" yelled Nadia.
- Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.
We do: guided practice · 10 min
- Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
- Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.
- Which sentence is punctuated correctly? ("I won!", cried Mia. / "I won," cried Mia. / "I won!" cried Mia. / "I won"! cried Mia.) → "I won!" cried Mia.Prompt: A question or an exclamation keeps its ? or ! INSIDE the speech marks.
- The speaker is interrupted in the middle of a sentence. Which is punctuated correctly? ("If it stops raining" said Kofi "we can play outside." / "If it stops raining," said Kofi, "we can play outside." / "If it stops raining," said Kofi. "we can play outside." / "If it stops raining," said Kofi, "We can play outside.") → "If it stops raining," said Kofi, "we can play outside."Prompt: The spoken sentence is still one sentence, so the second part does not start with a capital.
You do: independent practice · 10 min
- Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
- Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.
The 6 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.
Exit ticket · 5 min
- Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.
- The speaker is interrupted in the middle of a sentence. Which is punctuated correctly? ("If it stops raining," said Kofi. "we can play outside." / "If it stops raining" said Kofi "we can play outside." / "If it stops raining", said Kofi, "we can play outside". / "If it stops raining," said Kofi, "we can play outside.") → "If it stops raining," said Kofi, "we can play outside."Prompt: The spoken sentence is still one sentence, so the second part does not start with a capital.
- Read the question. When should you start a new line in a story with dialogue? (after every comma / when a different person starts speaking / whenever someone says "said" / only at the end of a chapter) → when a different person starts speakingPrompt: Think about what you have learned about speech marks.
Watch out for
- Using commas where a full stop (period) is needed.
- Putting apostrophes in plurals (apple's).
Support and stretch
Support
- Review first: Commas in dialogue: Mum said, "…" and "…," said Mum.
- Use concrete materials: punctuation cards.
- Give the first step of each question, or a partly worked example to finish.
- Pair with a confident partner for the guided practice.
Stretch
- Move on to: Commas after openers, yes and no, tag questions and names.
- Explain a common mistake in writing and how to fix it.
- Write a word problem that uses today's skill, then solve a partner's.
Homework and more practice
Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/english/grade-4.
Free lesson plan from eurekami.com/lesson-plan-builder