Science lesson plan · 4th grade (Year 5 in England) · 45 minutes
Keep it hot or keep it cold: thermal insulators
Energy
CCSS NGSS.4-PS3-2CCSS NGSS.SEP 3England: KS2 Y5 Properties and changes of materials
Objective and success criteria
Students will: Keep it hot or keep it cold: thermal insulators.
- I can answer questions on today's skill on my own, without help.
- I can explain each step and say why it works.
- I can check my answer and spot a mistake.
Before and after
Needs first: Energy moves by sound, light, heat and electric current
Leads to: the next skill in this area.
Materials: Wind-up toys or a pendulum, Energy transfer diagrams, Mini whiteboards, A diagram or short video clip of the idea, Printed student sheet (below).
Warm-up · 5 min
- Quick retrieval from earlier learning (Energy moves by sound, light, heat and electric current). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
- Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.
- How is energy moving here: music from a speaker reaching your ears? (light / sound / heat / electric current) → soundPrompt: Is it seen, heard, felt as warmth, or carried in wires?
- Why does a spoon left in hot soup get hot all the way up the handle? (Light from the soup warms it. / The spoon makes heat. / Cold moves into the soup. / Heat moves through the metal from the hot end to the cooler end.) → Heat moves through the metal from the hot end to the cooler end.Prompt: Which way does heat always flow?
- True or false? Energy can be carried from place to place by sound. (True / False) → TruePrompt: Light, sound, heat and electric current all carry energy.
Hook · 5 min
- Wind up a toy or stretch an elastic band and ask where the energy goes.
- Share the objective: Keep it hot or keep it cold: thermal insulators. Read the success criteria together.
I do: model it · 10 min
- Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
- Example: Is this a thermal conductor or a thermal insulator: steel?
- Step 1: Metals let heat pass through quickly.
- Step 2: So the answer is: thermal conductor (lets heat through easily)
- Answer: thermal conductor (lets heat through easily)
- Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.
We do: guided practice · 10 min
- Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
- Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.
- Is this a thermal conductor or a thermal insulator: cork? (thermal conductor (lets heat through easily) / thermal insulator (slows heat down)) → thermal insulator (slows heat down)Prompt: Is it a metal?
- Why does insulating a house's loft (attic) help the planet? (It makes the house colder. / Insulation makes electricity. / Less heat escapes, so less fuel is burned for heating. / It stops rain.) → Less heat escapes, so less fuel is burned for heating.Prompt: Where does heat go if the roof lets it out?
You do: independent practice · 10 min
- Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
- Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.
The 8 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.
Exit ticket · 5 min
- Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.
- Is this a thermal conductor or a thermal insulator: iron? (thermal conductor (lets heat through easily) / thermal insulator (slows heat down)) → thermal conductor (lets heat through easily)Prompt: Is it a metal?
- Why do polar bears and penguins stay warm in freezing weather? (They make cold air warmer. / Their bodies never lose any heat. / Thick fur, feathers and fat are good thermal insulators. / They are made of metal.) → Thick fur, feathers and fat are good thermal insulators.Prompt: What do fur and feathers trap?
Watch out for
- Everyday meanings of words getting in the way of the science meaning: define key words explicitly.
- Remembering facts without the reason: ask "why?" and "what is the evidence?"
Support and stretch
Support
- Review first: Energy moves by sound, light, heat and electric current.
- Use concrete materials: wind-up toys or a pendulum.
- Give the first step of each question, or a partly worked example to finish.
- Pair with a confident partner for the guided practice.
Stretch
- Explain a common mistake in writing and how to fix it.
- Write a word problem that uses today's skill, then solve a partner's.
Homework and more practice
Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/science/grade-4.
Free lesson plan from eurekami.com/lesson-plan-builder