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Science lesson plan · 6th grade (Year 7 in England) · 45 minutes

Physical, chemical and biological weathering

Earth and rocks

CCSS NGSS.MS-ESS2-1CCSS NGSS.MS-ESS2-2England: KS3 Chemistry: Earth and atmosphere (the rock cycle)

Objective and success criteria

Students will: Physical, chemical and biological weathering.

  • I can answer questions on today's skill on my own, without help.
  • I can explain each step and say why it works.
  • I can check my answer and spot a mistake.

Before and after

Needs first: Weathering and erosion

Leads to: the next skill in this area.

Materials: Rock samples, Hand lenses, Mini whiteboards, A diagram or short video clip of the idea, Printed student sheet (below).

Warm-up · 5 min

  • Quick retrieval from earlier learning (Weathering and erosion). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
  • Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.
  1. Which type of weathering is this: acid rain dissolving limestone? (physical weathering / chemical weathering / biological weathering) → chemical weatheringPrompt: Is it caused by temperature and ice, by a chemical reaction, or by living things?
  2. Which can carry rock fragments away (erosion)? (rivers, wind and glaciers / nothing moves rocks / only sunlight / only plants) → rivers, wind and glaciersPrompt: What moves sand and stones from place to place?
  3. Which type of weathering is this: iron in rock rusting? (physical weathering / chemical weathering / biological weathering) → chemical weatheringPrompt: Is it caused by temperature and ice, by a chemical reaction, or by living things?

Hook · 5 min

  • Pass round different rocks and ask how each one might have formed.
  • Share the objective: Physical, chemical and biological weathering. Read the success criteria together.

I do: model it · 10 min

  • Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
  • Example: Which type of weathering is this: water freezes in a crack, expands and splits the rock?
  • Step 1: Physical weathering breaks rock into pieces without changing its chemicals.
  • Step 2: So the answer is: physical (freeze–thaw, heating and cooling)
  • Answer: physical (freeze–thaw, heating and cooling)
  • Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.

We do: guided practice · 10 min

  • Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
  • Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.
  1. Which type of weathering is this: tree roots grow into cracks and widen them? (physical (freeze–thaw, heating and cooling) / chemical / biological) → biologicalPrompt: Is a living thing involved? Are new substances formed, or does the rock just break into pieces?
  2. In which climate is freeze–thaw weathering most common? (where temperatures often go above and below 0 °C / under the sea / in a tropical rainforest / in a hot desert that never freezes) → where temperatures often go above and below 0 °CPrompt: Water must freeze and melt again and again.

You do: independent practice · 10 min

  • Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
  • Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.

The 8 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.

Exit ticket · 5 min

  • Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.
  1. Which type of weathering is this: iron minerals in rock rust and crumble? (physical (freeze–thaw, heating and cooling) / chemical / biological) → chemicalPrompt: Is a living thing involved? Are new substances formed, or does the rock just break into pieces?
  2. Which agent carries the largest rocks and boulders long distances? (rain drops / glaciers (moving ice) / sunlight / gentle wind) → glaciers (moving ice)Prompt: Some boulders in fields came from far away.

Watch out for

  • Everyday meanings of words getting in the way of the science meaning: define key words explicitly.
  • Remembering facts without the reason: ask "why?" and "what is the evidence?"

Support and stretch

Support

  • Review first: Weathering and erosion.
  • Use concrete materials: rock samples.
  • Give the first step of each question, or a partly worked example to finish.
  • Pair with a confident partner for the guided practice.

Stretch

  • Explain a common mistake in writing and how to fix it.
  • Write a word problem that uses today's skill, then solve a partner's.

Homework and more practice

Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/science/grade-6.

Free lesson plan from eurekami.com/lesson-plan-builder

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Physical, chemical and biological weathering

Name

Date

Score/ 8

  1. Question 1

    What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

    • A. Weathering moves rocks to the sea
    • B. They are exactly the same
    • C. Erosion only happens in deserts
    • D. Weathering breaks rock down where it is; erosion carries the pieces away

  2. Question 2

    Weathering and erosion: which statement is NOT true?

    • A. Rivers erode their banks and carry sediment.
    • B. Weathering only happens over a few days.
    • C. Plant roots can split rocks.
    • D. Limestone caves form by chemical weathering.

  3. Question 3

    Which type of weathering is this: water freezes in a crack, expands and splits the rock?

    • A. physical (freeze–thaw, heating and cooling)
    • B. chemical
    • C. biological

  4. Question 4

    In which climate is freeze–thaw weathering most common?

    • A. where temperatures often go above and below 0 °C
    • B. in a hot desert that never freezes
    • C. in a tropical rainforest
    • D. under the sea

  5. Question 5

    Which type of weathering is this: burrowing animals break up rock?

    • A. physical (freeze–thaw, heating and cooling)
    • B. chemical
    • C. biological

  6. Question 6

    Which agent carries the largest rocks and boulders long distances?

    • A. rain drops
    • B. glaciers (moving ice)
    • C. sunlight
    • D. gentle wind

  7. Question 7

    Which type of weathering is this: iron minerals in rock rust and crumble?

    • A. physical (freeze–thaw, heating and cooling)
    • B. chemical
    • C. biological

  8. Question 8

    Which type of weathering is this: rainwater, a weak acid, slowly dissolves limestone to form caves?

    • A. physical (freeze–thaw, heating and cooling)
    • B. chemical
    • C. biological

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Answer key: Physical, chemical and biological weathering

  1. 1. D. Weathering breaks rock down where it is; erosion carries the pieces away

  2. 2. B. Weathering only happens over a few days.

  3. 3. A. physical (freeze–thaw, heating and cooling)

  4. 4. A. where temperatures often go above and below 0 °C

  5. 5. C. biological

  6. 6. B. glaciers (moving ice)

  7. 7. B. chemical

  8. 8. B. chemical