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Science lesson plan · 7th grade (Year 8 in England) · 45 minutes

Specialised cells

Cells, genetics and evolution

CCSS NGSS.MS-LS1-2CCSS NGSS.HS-LS1-2England: KS3 Biology: Cells and organisationEngland: KS4 Combined Science: Cell biology

Objective and success criteria

Students will: Specialised cells.

  • I can answer questions on today's skill on my own, without help.
  • I can explain each step and say why it works.
  • I can check my answer and spot a mistake.

Before and after

Needs first: Plant and animal cells

Leads to: Stem cells and their medical uses

Materials: Microscope images or slides, Cell diagrams, Mini whiteboards, A diagram or short video clip of the idea, Printed student sheet (below).

Warm-up · 5 min

  • Quick retrieval from earlier learning (Plant and animal cells). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
  • Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.
  1. Which part of a cell is where aerobic respiration happens? (cell wall / nucleus / mitochondria / cell membrane) → mitochondriaPrompt: Think about which parts are only in plant cells.
  2. Cells: which statement is NOT true? (Bacterial cells have no nucleus. / Most plant cells have a large permanent vacuole. / Chloroplasts are found in plant cells, not animal cells. / Only animal cells have mitochondria.) → Only animal cells have mitochondria.Prompt: Do plant cells respire?
  3. Which part of a cell strengthens and supports a plant cell? (chloroplasts / cell wall / cell membrane / mitochondria) → cell wallPrompt: Think about which parts are only in plant cells.

Hook · 5 min

  • Show a microscope image of cells and ask what students think they are looking at.
  • Share the objective: Specialised cells. Read the success criteria together.

I do: model it · 10 min

  • Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
  • Example: Which specialised cell has no nucleus, leaving more room for haemoglobin (hemoglobin)?
  • Step 1: Red blood cells have no nucleus and are full of haemoglobin (hemoglobin) to carry oxygen.
  • Step 2: So the answer is: red blood cell
  • Answer: red blood cell
  • Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.

We do: guided practice · 10 min

  • Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
  • Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.
  1. Which specialised cell has a tail to swim? (red blood cell / palisade cell / sperm cell / root hair cell) → sperm cellPrompt: What job would need this feature?
  2. What does it mean when a cell differentiates? (It becomes specialised for a particular job. / It divides into four cells. / It dies. / It loses all its DNA.) → It becomes specialised for a particular job.Prompt: Stem cells can do this.

You do: independent practice · 10 min

  • Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
  • Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.

The 8 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.

Exit ticket · 5 min

  • Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.
  1. Specialised cells: which statement is true? (Root hair cells contain lots of chloroplasts. / Sperm cells have no mitochondria. / All cells in the body look the same. / Palisade cells contain many chloroplasts.) → Palisade cells contain many chloroplasts.Prompt: Match each cell's features to its job.
  2. Which specialised cell is very long to carry impulses around the body? (root hair cell / red blood cell / nerve cell (neurone) / palisade cell) → nerve cell (neurone)Prompt: What job would need this feature?

Watch out for

  • Everyday meanings of words getting in the way of the science meaning: define key words explicitly.
  • Remembering facts without the reason: ask "why?" and "what is the evidence?"

Support and stretch

Support

  • Review first: Plant and animal cells.
  • Use concrete materials: microscope images or slides.
  • Give the first step of each question, or a partly worked example to finish.
  • Pair with a confident partner for the guided practice.

Stretch

  • Move on to: Stem cells and their medical uses.
  • Explain a common mistake in writing and how to fix it.
  • Write a word problem that uses today's skill, then solve a partner's.

Homework and more practice

Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/science/grade-7.

Free lesson plan from eurekami.com/lesson-plan-builder

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Specialised cells

Name

Date

Score/ 8

  1. Question 1

    Which specialised cell is near the top surface of a leaf to absorb light?

    • A. palisade cell
    • B. sperm cell
    • C. root hair cell
    • D. nerve cell (neurone)

  2. Question 2

    Specialised cells: which statement is true?

    • A. Stem cells can develop into many different types of cell.
    • B. Sperm cells have no mitochondria.
    • C. All cells in the body look the same.
    • D. Root hair cells contain lots of chloroplasts.

  3. Question 3

    What do ciliated cells in the airways do?

    • A. move mucus and trapped dirt away from the lungs
    • B. make sperm
    • C. absorb food
    • D. carry oxygen in the blood

  4. Question 4

    Why are root hair cells long and thin?

    • A. to carry sugar
    • B. to protect the leaf
    • C. to give a large surface area to absorb water and minerals
    • D. to make food from light

  5. Question 5

    Which specialised cell is very long to carry impulses around the body?

    • A. nerve cell (neurone)
    • B. red blood cell
    • C. sperm cell
    • D. root hair cell

  6. Question 6

    Why do muscle cells contain many mitochondria?

    • A. to store water
    • B. to release lots of energy for contraction
    • C. to make chlorophyll
    • D. to carry oxygen

  7. Question 7

    What does it mean when a cell differentiates?

    • A. It divides into four cells.
    • B. It dies.
    • C. It loses all its DNA.
    • D. It becomes specialised for a particular job.

  8. Question 8

    Which specialised cell has a long thin extension for absorbing water?

    • A. palisade cell
    • B. sperm cell
    • C. nerve cell (neurone)
    • D. root hair cell

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Answer key: Specialised cells

  1. 1. A. palisade cell

  2. 2. A. Stem cells can develop into many different types of cell.

  3. 3. A. move mucus and trapped dirt away from the lungs

  4. 4. C. to give a large surface area to absorb water and minerals

  5. 5. A. nerve cell (neurone)

  6. 6. B. to release lots of energy for contraction

  7. 7. D. It becomes specialised for a particular job.

  8. 8. D. root hair cell