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Science lesson plan · 4th grade (Year 5 in England) · 30 minutes

How devices transfer energy

Energy

CCSS NGSS.4-PS3-2CCSS NGSS.4-PS3-4England: KS3 Physics: Energy (energy changes and transfers)

Objective and success criteria

Students will: How devices transfer energy.

  • I can answer questions on today's skill on my own, without help.
  • I can explain each step and say why it works.
  • I can check my answer and spot a mistake.

Before and after

Needs first: Energy stores and transfers

Leads to: Conservation of energy and wasted energy

Materials: Wind-up toys or a pendulum, Energy transfer diagrams, Mini whiteboards, A diagram or short video clip of the idea, Printed student sheet (below).

Warm-up · 4 min

  • Quick retrieval from earlier learning (Energy stores and transfers). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
  • Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.
  1. Which energy store is most important here: a spinning fan? (thermal (heat) / kinetic (movement) / gravitational potential (height) / elastic potential (stretch or squash)) → kinetic (movement)Prompt: Is it moving, raised up, stretched, hot, or able to release energy by reacting?
  2. Which are ways energy can be transferred? (only by wires / only by fire / energy cannot move / by heating, by electric current, by light and sound, by forces) → by heating, by electric current, by light and sound, by forcesPrompt: Think of a lamp, a speaker and a kettle.
  3. Which of these mainly has a chemical energy store? (a battery / a drawn bow / a spinning fan / a running dog) → a batteryPrompt: Think about what each object is doing.

Hook · 3 min

  • Wind up a toy or stretch an elastic band and ask where the energy goes.
  • Share the objective: How devices transfer energy. Read the success criteria together.

I do: model it · 7 min

  • Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
  • Example: What is the main useful energy output of a toaster?
  • Step 1: Kettles, toasters and heaters transfer energy usefully by heating.
  • Step 2: So the answer is: heating (thermal)
  • Answer: heating (thermal)
  • Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.

We do: guided practice · 6 min

  • Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
  • Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.
  1. What is the main useful energy output of a washing machine drum? (light / sound / heating (thermal) / movement (kinetic)) → movement (kinetic)Prompt: What is the device for?
  2. A wind-up toy car is wound up and let go. What happens to the energy? (elastic potential → kinetic / kinetic → chemical / thermal → nuclear / light → sound) → elastic potential → kineticPrompt: Winding it up squeezes a spring.

You do: independent practice · 7 min

  • Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
  • Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.

The 6 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.

Exit ticket · 3 min

  • Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.
  1. A wind-up toy car is wound up and let go. What happens to the energy? (elastic potential → kinetic / kinetic → chemical / thermal → nuclear / light → sound) → elastic potential → kineticPrompt: Winding it up squeezes a spring.
  2. Which device is mainly designed to give out heating (thermal)? (a washing machine drum / a toaster / a loudspeaker / an LED lamp) → a toasterPrompt: Think about what you use each device for.

Watch out for

  • Everyday meanings of words getting in the way of the science meaning: define key words explicitly.
  • Remembering facts without the reason: ask "why?" and "what is the evidence?"

Support and stretch

Support

  • Review first: Energy stores and transfers.
  • Use concrete materials: wind-up toys or a pendulum.
  • Give the first step of each question, or a partly worked example to finish.
  • Pair with a confident partner for the guided practice.

Stretch

  • Move on to: Conservation of energy and wasted energy.
  • Explain a common mistake in writing and how to fix it.
  • Write a word problem that uses today's skill, then solve a partner's.

Homework and more practice

Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/science/grade-4.

Free lesson plan from eurekami.com/lesson-plan-builder

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How devices transfer energy

Name

Date

Score/ 6

  1. Question 1

    Which device is mainly designed to give out sound?

    • A. an LED lamp
    • B. a food blender
    • C. headphones
    • D. an electric fan

  2. Question 2

    A wind-up toy car is wound up and let go. What happens to the energy?

    • A. light → sound
    • B. elastic potential → kinetic
    • C. kinetic → chemical
    • D. thermal → nuclear

  3. Question 3

    What is the main useful energy output of headphones?

    • A. light
    • B. sound
    • C. heating (thermal)
    • D. movement (kinetic)

  4. Question 4

    Which device is mainly designed to give out heating (thermal)?

    • A. a doorbell buzzer
    • B. an electric kettle
    • C. an electric toy car
    • D. an LED lamp

  5. Question 5

    What is the main useful energy output of a loudspeaker?

    • A. light
    • B. sound
    • C. heating (thermal)
    • D. movement (kinetic)

  6. Question 6

    Which device is mainly designed to give out movement (kinetic)?

    • A. a washing machine drum
    • B. a torch (flashlight)
    • C. a traffic light
    • D. an electric kettle

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Answer key: How devices transfer energy

  1. 1. C. headphones

  2. 2. B. elastic potential → kinetic

  3. 3. B. sound

  4. 4. B. an electric kettle

  5. 5. B. sound

  6. 6. A. a washing machine drum