• Quick retrieval from earlier learning (Light sources and seeing). Students answer on mini whiteboards.
• Show answers together and note who needs support in the main task.

1. Is a computer screen that is on a light source? (light source / not a light source (reflects light)) → light sourcePrompt: Does it make its own light, or does light bounce off it?
2. In which direction does light travel from a source? (in straight lines / in circles / in zigzags / only upwards) → in straight linesPrompt: Think of a torch beam in a dusty room.
3. Light: which statement is NOT true? (We see objects when light reflects off them into our eyes. / The Sun is a light source. / Light travels in straight lines. / The Moon is a light source.) → The Moon is a light source.Prompt: Does the Moon make its own light?

• Ask the class to make a wave with a rope or slinky and describe what moves and what doesn't.
• Share the objective: Shadows and transparent, translucent and opaque materials. Read the success criteria together.

• Work through the example out loud, saying why you do each step, not just what you do.
• Example: Is a thin cotton sheet transparent, translucent or opaque?
• Step 1: Translucent materials let some light through, but you cannot see clearly through them.
• Step 2: So the answer is: translucent
• Answer: translucent
• Pause after each step and ask a student to say what comes next.

• Do these together. Students try each step on whiteboards before you reveal it.
• Use the hints as prompts rather than giving the answer.

1. Is clear glass transparent, translucent or opaque? (transparent / translucent / opaque) → transparentPrompt: Can you see clearly through it, see a blur, or see nothing at all?
2. A puppet moves closer to a torch (flashlight). What happens to its shadow on the wall? (It gets smaller / It stays the same / It disappears / It gets bigger) → It gets biggerPrompt: Closer to the light, it blocks more of the beam.

• Students work on the student sheet. Circulate and check the first two answers of every student early.
• Students who finish: write a question of their own for a partner, with the answer.

The 6 questions are on the student sheet below, with answers in the key.

• Two questions on their own. Sort answers into got it / nearly / not yet to plan the next lesson.

1. Which material is transparent? (a brick / clear water / a thin cotton sheet / wood) → clear waterPrompt: Hold each one up to a window in your mind.
2. Why does a shadow have the same shape as the object? (The object is a light source / Light bends around the object / Light travels in straight lines past the edges of the object / Shadows copy objects on purpose) → Light travels in straight lines past the edges of the objectPrompt: Picture straight rays from the torch to the wall.

Free online practice with hints and printable worksheets for this skill: eurekami.com/science/grade-3.